What Causes Eating Disorders
There is no single answer to the question of what causes eating disorders. They are complex illnesses with several contributing factors. Concerns about body weight and body shape certainly play a role, but they are not the only factors. Family influences, cultural pressures, emotional disorders, hormone abnormalities, and even genetics contribute to the development of eating disorders.
More than eight million people in the United States have disordered patterns of eating, according to national statistics. Nearly15 percent of young American women have physical and emotional health issues caused by eating disorders. Because of the guilt, shame, and secrecy often associated with these conditions, statistics may actually be higher.
Eating Disorders Defined
Eating disorders is a term used for a group of conditions represented by abnormal, destructive eating habits. Eating disorders include anorexia nervosa (anorexia), bulimia nervosa, compulsive or binge eating, obesity, and other disorders. These complex health conditions have a physical component, of course, but they also involve extreme attitudes, emotions, and behaviors. They are dangerous, often life-threatening illnesses that require professional treatment.
Family Influences
Negative family influences are thought to trigger eating disorders. Studies implicate poor parenting as a contributing factor. For example, a maternal history of eating disorders may cause the same behavior in young girls, while paternal criticism of weight may cause disordered eating in young boys.
People with eating disorders are more likely to have a family history of addictions, such as alcoholism or drug abuse, as well as psychiatric disorders. A history of obesity seems to factor in, as well, especially with bulimia. According to statistics, women with eating disorders also experience a higher incidence of sexual abuse.
Cultural Pressures
The approach to food in the western world is a problem and a paradox. Our modern culture, especially the media obsession with thinness, is a major contributor to the development of eating disorders. Advertisers heavily market weight-loss pills and fitness programs, while presenting anorexic models as the paradigm for beauty and desirability.
On the other hand, the media also promotes food consumption. It heavily markets food, particularly fast food restaurants and “junk” food. Obesity is epidemic nationally and globally. This, too, contributes to the problem.
Hormone Abnormalities
Hormone abnormalities and other biological factors may also contribute to eating disorders. Abnormalities in the thyroid, sex glands, and other areas are related to a person’s stress level, sense of well-being, and appetite. Chemical changes can result in malnutrition and perpetuate eating disorders.
Genetic Factors
Some doctors believe they have the answer to what causes eating disorders. They say genetic factors are the root cause. In fact, researchers have identified specific chromosomes they believe are associated with anorexia and bulimia. Eating disorders are more common for people with a relative suffering the illness. And twins have a tendency to share a specific disorder, such as anorexia or obesity.
Harmony Grove Therapy
Harmony Grove is a recovery residence and treatment center for women with eating disorders. Located in San Diego, California, our center offers intensive day treatment and outpatient programs. We provide a cozy, home-like environment with warm, caring staff to give women the support they need to overcome their illnesses.
No matter what causes eating disorders in our clients, we provide individualized treatment for their journey back to wellness. Our treatment program includes individual and group therapy, nutrition appointments and supervised meals, spiritual therapy, education, and aftercare support. For more information, visit http://www.harmony-grove.com.